Part+15

__**The Mughal Empire **__ The Empire started in Started in 1526 by Emperor Babur. The Mughal Empire was located where India is located today. Empire had 6 emperors. Their first emperor was Babur (1526 – 1530) followed by Humayun (1530 – 1556), Akbar (1556 – 1605), Jahangir (1605 – 1627), Shah Jahan (1627 – 1658), and Aurangzeb (1658 – 1707).(1) Akbar was also known as Akbar the Great. He took the position of emperor at the age of 13. He continued to rule until he died at the age of 63. He reigned for almost 50 years! During his reign, he instated a new tax system which in return let him control the empire more.(2) The Taj Mahal was created at Agra during this empire around 1632-1653 under the reign of Shah Jahan. It took more than 20,000 workers to finish.  Sources (1) [] (2) Holt’s World History: The Human Journey; page 440

Rulers:
Ismail 1 1502-1525 first (2) Thamasp 1524-15-76 second(2) Ismail 2 1576 - 1577 third(2) Mohammad 1577 - 1587 fourth(2) Abbas I, "The Great" 1587 - 1629 fifth(2) Safi 1 1629 - 1642 sixth(2) Abbas 2 1642 - 1667 seventh(2) Safi II 1667 - 1694 eighth(2) Soltan Hossein 1694 - 1722 ninth(2) Tahmasp 2 1722 - 1732 tenth(2) Abbas 3 1732 - 1736 eleventh (2 )

The Safavid Empire is located in Persia, where Iraq is currently located today (1). The capital for the Safavid Empire is in Tabriz (1). Then in 1599 the capital was changed from Tabriz to Esfahan. The new capital was called the most beautiful city and a political spiritual and commercial center. Shortest lived of the three main empires (2). Most of the people that live in the Safavid Empire are Muslim. The religion that the people practice there is Shi'ah. Sufism is a mystical branch of Sunni Islam. The politics in the Safavid Empire started out to be the Sunni then it traded to the Shiah Branch. The Military is called kizilbash which means red head. They were called the kizilbash because they wore red hats (2). The military while Esmail and Tahmasp didn't do very much they let the Ottomans and the Uzbecks take over much of their land including where Iran is today. This all changed when Abbas the first came into power. He changed the army and modled it after the Ottomans army. With this change he was able to regain all the land that had been lost in the previous years. There were eleven different rulers during this time. The first was Esmail and then the Empire ended with the third Addas (2). The least amount of time someone was in office was for 1 year. The three most famous rulers would be Abbas, who was called "the great', he improved the army and made economical advances and improved foreign trade. The second is Tahmasp who took over when his father Esmail died in 1576. Esmail is the last of the three major rulers. (4)  Sources:

· Red book Holt's World History: The Human Journey (1) · [|http://www.iranchamber.com/history/safavids/safavids.php]Iran Chamber Society(2) · [|http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/SHIA/SAFAVID.HTM]Richard Hooker (3) · zuno.com (4)

The Ottoman Empire

Location:
Constantinople is the capital



General Info:
The Ottomans were know as one of the greatest and most powerful civilizations during the modern period. The empire was the largest and most influential of the muslims empires of the modern periods. Ottoman established an empire in the european territory and used the Islamic traditions. The ottomans had a historian timeline Constantinople fell and Belgrade was sieged in 1453

Sources:

 * Red Book
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